https://www.quantamagazine.org/physicists-discover-exotic-patterns-of-synchronization-20190404/
1967 - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022519367900513?via%3Dihub
1974, a Japanese physicist named Yoshiki Kuramoto saw how to simplify the math. Kuramoto’s model described a population of oscillators (things with rhythms, like metronomes and heartbeats) and showed why coupled oscillators spontaneously synchronize
Kuramoto talk - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2FBFb0013365
2001 - https://arxiv.org/pdf/cond-mat/0210694.pdf
2004 - chimera - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.174102
2012 - Two independent teams realized this chimera state in the lab
2017-2018 - qualitative similarities between the destabilization of chimera states and epileptic seizures - https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.08219
2014 - seminal paper about clusters - https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms5079
2017 - oscillators can remotely synchronize even when the oscillators between them are drifting incoherently - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.10621.pdf
1990 - chaotic synchronization - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.64.821
2019 - menagerie of new synchronous states in a network of “nanoelectromechanical oscillators,” or NEMs — essentially miniature electric drumheads - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/363/6431/eaav7932
The researchers documented 16 synchronous states that the system fell into under different initial settings, though many more, rare states might be possible. In many cases, NEMs decoupled from their nearest neighbors and remotely synchronized, vibrating in phase with tiny drumheads elsewhere in the ring. For example, in one pattern, two nearest neighbors oscillated together, but the next pair adopted a different phase; the third pair synced up with the first and the fourth pair with the second. They also found chimeralike states (though it’s hard to prove that such a small system is a true chimera).
Synchronization seems to spring from symmetry
2016 - asymmetry helps stabilize synchronous states - https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05419
2019 - introducing an asymmetry into a cluster actually strengthens its synchrony - https://journals.aps.org/prl/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.058301 (Topological Control of Synchronization Patterns: Trading Symmetry for Stability)
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